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A fully automated method for late ventricular diastole frame selection in post-dive echocardiography without ECG gating
02 mars 2021, Markley, Eric; Le, David; Germonpré, Peter; BALESTRA, Costantino; Tillmans, Frauke; Denoble, Petar; Freiberger, Jake; Moon, Richard; Dayton, Paul; Papadopoulou, Virginie,
- HE Bruxelles Brabant
,
- Article scientifique
Article scientifique
Venous gas emboli (VGE) are often quantified as a marker of decompression stress on echocardiograms. Bubble-counting has been proposed as an easy to learn method, but remains time-consuming, rendering large dataset analysis impractical. Computer automation of VGE counting following this method has therefore been suggested as a means to eliminate rater bias and save time. A necessary step for this ...
A fully automated method for late ventricular diastole frame selection in post-dive echocardiography without ECG gatingEr
02 mars 2021, Markley, Eric; Germonpré, Peter; BALESTRA, Costantino; Tillmans, Frauke; Denoble, Petar; Freiberger, Jake; Moon, Richard; Dayton, Paul; Papadopoulou, Virginie,
- HE Bruxelles Brabant
,
- Article scientifique
Article scientifique
Venous gas emboli (VGE) are often quantified as a marker of decompression stress on echocardiograms. Bubble-counting has been proposed as an easy to learn method, but remains time-consuming, rendering large dataset analysis impractical. Computer automation of VGE counting following this method has therefore been suggested as a means to eliminate rater bias and save time. A necessary step for this ...
A red orange extract modulates the vascular response to a recreational dive: a pilot study on the effect of anthocyanins on the physiological consequences of scuba diving
07 novembre 2015, BALESTRA, Costantino; Cimino, Francesco; THEUNISSEN, Sigrid; SNOECK, Thyl; Provyn, Steven; Canali, Raffaella; Bonina, Andrea; Virgili, Fabio,
- HE Bruxelles Brabant
,
- Article scientifique
Article scientifique
Nutritional antioxidants have been proposed as an expedient strategy to counter the potentially deleterious effects of scuba diving on endothelial function, flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and heart function. Sixteen volunteers performing a single standard dive (20 min at 33 m) according to US Navy diving procedures were randomly assigned to two groups: one was administered with two doses of 200 mg of ...
A ternary model of decompression sickness in rats
01 décembre 2014, Buzzacott, Peter; LAMBRECHTS, Kate; Mazur, Aleksandra; Wang, Qiong; Papadopoulou, Virginie; Theron, Michaël; BALESTRA, Costantino; Guerrero, François,
- HE Bruxelles Brabant
,
- Article scientifique
Article scientifique
Background: Decompression sickness (DCS) in rats is commonly modelled as a binary outcome. The present study aimed to develop a ternary model of predicting probability of DCS in rats, (as no-DCS, survivable-DCS or death), based upon the compression/decompression profile and physiological characteristics of each rat.
Methods: A literature search identified dive profiles with outcomes no-DCS, ...
Architectural and Mechanical Changes after Five Weeks of Intermittent Static Stretch Training on the Medial Gastrocnemius Muscle of Active Adults
27 mars 2023, Levenez, Morgan; Moeremans, Mathieu; Boorghs, Cédric; Vigouroux, Florent; Leveque, Clément; HEMELRYCK, Walter; BALESTRA, Costantino,
- HE Bruxelles Brabant
,
- Article scientifique
Article scientifique
We investigated the effects of intermittent long-term stretch training (5 weeks) on the architectural and mechanical properties of the muscle-tendon unit (MTU) in healthy humans. MTU's viscoelastic and architectural properties in the human medial gastrocnemius (MG) muscle and the contribution of muscle and tendon structures to the MTU lengthening were analyzed. Ten healthy volunteers participated ...
Beneficial effect of enriched air nitrox on bubble formation during scuba diving. An open-water study
12 avril 2017, Brebek, Anne-Kathrin; Deussen, Andreas; Schmitz-Peiffer, Henning; Range, Ursula; BALESTRA, Costantino; Cleveland, Sinclair; Schipke, Jochen,
- HE Bruxelles Brabant
,
- Article scientifique
Article scientifique
Backround: Nitrogen narcosis impairs cognitive function, a fact relevant during SCUBA-diving. Oxygen-enriched air (nitrox) became popular in recreational diving, while evidence of its advantages over air is limited. AIM: Compare effects of nitrox28 and air on two psychometric tests. METHODS: In this prospective, double-blind, open-water study, 108 advanced divers (38 females) were randomized to an ...
Clustering of recreational divers by their health conditions in a database of a citizen science project
05 mai 2019, Ozyigit, Tamer; Yauz, Cüneyt; Egi, Salih Murat; Pieri, Massimo; BALESTRA, Costantino; Marroni, Alessandro,
- HE Bruxelles Brabant
,
- Article scientifique
Article scientifique
Divers Alert Network Europe has created a database with a large amount of dive-related data that has been collected since 1993 within the scope of the Diving Safety Laboratory citizen science project. The main objectives of this study are the grouping divers by their health information and revealing significant differences in diving parameters using data mining techniques. Due to the methodology of ...
Commercial Divers' Subjective Evaluation of Saturation
30 janvier 2019, Imbert, Jean Pierre; BALESTRA, Costantino; Kiboub, Fatima Zohra; Loennechen, Øyvind; Eftedal, Ingrid,
- HE Bruxelles Brabant
,
- Article scientifique
Article scientifique
Commercial saturation diving involves divers living and working in an enclosed atmosphere with elevated partial pressure of oxygen (ppO2) for weeks. The divers must acclimatize to these conditions during compression, and for up to 28 days until decompression is completed. During decompression, the ppO2 and ambient pressure are gradually decreased; then the divers must acclimatize again to breathing ...
Comparison of insulation provided by dry or wetsuits among recreational divers during cold water immersion (< 5 degrees C)
05 octobre 2021, Lafère, Pierre; Guerrero, François; GERMONPRÉ, Peter; BALESTRA, Costantino,
- HE Bruxelles Brabant
,
- Article scientifique
Article scientifique
BACKGROUND: Divers thermal status influences susceptibility to decompression sickness hence the need for proper insulation during immersion in cold water. However, there is a lack of data on thermal protection provided by diving suits, hence this study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two different groups of divers wearing either a wetsuit (n = 15) or a dry suit (n = 15) volunteered for this study. Anthropometric ...
Comparison of insulation provided by dry or wetsuits among recreational divers during cold water immersion (< 5 degrees C)
05 octobre 2021, Lafère, Pierre; Guerrero, François; GERMONPRÉ, Peter; BALESTRA, Costantino,
- HE Bruxelles Brabant
,
- Article scientifique
Article scientifique
BACKGROUND: Divers thermal status influences susceptibility to decompression sickness hence the need for proper insulation during immersion in cold water. However, there is a lack of data on thermal protection provided by diving suits, hence this study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two different groups of divers wearing either a wetsuit (n = 15) or a dry suit (n = 15) volunteered for this study. Anthropometric ...
Coping With Extreme Environments: A Physiological/Psychological Approach
25 juin 2019, BALESTRA, Costantino; Kot, Jacek; Efrati, Shai; Guerrero, François; Blatteau, Jean-Eric; Besnard, Stéphane,
- HE Bruxelles Brabant
,
- Article scientifique
Article scientifique
Correlation between Patent Foramen Ovale, cerebral “lesions” and neuropsychometric testing in experienced sports divers: does diving damage the brain?
Article scientifique
SCUBA diving exposes divers to decompression sickness (DCS). There has been considerable debate whether divers with a Patent Foramen Ovale of the heart have a higher risk of DCS because of the possible right-to-left shunt of venous decompression bubbles into the arterial circulation. Symptomatic neurological DCS has been shown to cause permanent damage to brain and spinal cord tissue; it has been ...
Critical Flicker Fusion Frequency: A Marker of Cerebral Arousal During Modified Gravitational Conditions Related to Parabolic Flights
02 octobre 2018, BALESTRA, Costantino; Machado, Marie-Laure; Theunissen, Sigrid; BALESTRA, Ambre; Cialoni, Danilo; Clot, Christian; Besnard, Stépane; Kammacher, Laura; Delzenne, Julie; GERMONPRÉ, Peter; Lafère, Pierre,
- HE Bruxelles Brabant
,
- Article scientifique
Article scientifique
In situ evaluation of human brain performance and arousal remains challenging during operational circumstances, hence the need for a rapid, reliable and reproducible tool. Here we hypothesized that the Critical flicker fusion frequency (CFFF) reflecting/requiring visual integration, visuo-motor skills and decision-taking process might be a powerful, fast and simple tool in modified gravity environments. ...
Cutis Marmorata skin decompression sickness is a manifestation of brainstem bubble embolization, not of local skin bubbles
10 avril 2015, Germonpré, Peter; BALESTRA, Costantino; Obeid, Georges; Chers, Dirk,
- HE Bruxelles Brabant
,
- Article scientifique
Article scientifique
"Cutis Marmorata" skin symptoms after diving, most frequently in the form of an itching or painful cutaneous red-bluish discoloration are commonly regarded as a mild form of decompression sickness (DCS), and treated with oxygen inhalation without reverting to hyperbaric recompression treatment. It has been observed that the occurrence of Cutis Marmorata is frequently associated with the presence of ...
Dark chocolate reduces endothelial dysfunction after successive breath-hold dives in cool water
16 septembre 2013, THEUNISSEN, Sigrid; Schumacker, Julie; Guerrero, François; Tillmans, Frauke; BOUTROS, Antoine; Lambrechts, Kate; Mazur, Alexandra; Pieri, Massimo; GERMONPRÉ, Peter; BALESTRA, Costantino,
- HE Bruxelles Brabant
,
- Article scientifique
Article scientifique
Objective: The aim of this study is to observe the effects of dark chocolate on endothelial function after a series of successive apnea dives in non-thermoneutral water.
Methods: Twenty breath-hold divers were divided into two groups: a control group (8 males and 2 females) and a chocolate group (9 males and 1 female). The control group was asked to perform a series of dives to 20 m adding up to ...
Decompression induced bubble dynamics on ex vivo fat and muscle tissue surfaces with a new experimental set up
04 avril 2015, Papadopoulou, Virginie; Evgenidis, Sotiris; Eckersley, Robert; Mesimeris, Thodoris; BALESTRA, Costantino; Kostoglou, Margaritis; Tang, Meng-Xing; Karapantsios, Thodoris,
- HE Bruxelles Brabant
,
- Article scientifique
Article scientifique
Vascular gas bubbles are routinely observed after scuba dives using ultrasound imaging, however the precise formation mechanism and site of these bubbles are still debated and growth from decompression in vivo has not been extensively studied, due in part to imaging difficulties. An experimental set-up was developed for optical recording of bubble growth and density on tissue surface area during ...
Decreased Incidence of Pulmonary Barotrauma After Discontinuation of Emergency Free Ascent Training
22 août 2018, Lafère, Pierre; GERMONPRÉ, Peter; Guerrero, François; Marroni, Alessandro; BALESTRA, Costantino,
- HE Bruxelles Brabant
,
- Article scientifique
Article scientifique
INTRODUCTION: Because a significant association between training to perform emergency free ascent (EFA) and the occurrence of pulmonary barotrauma (PBT) was demonstrated in 2006, the Belgian Underwater Federation (BUF) decided to discontinue this procedure. An evaluation was needed 10 yr after the implementation of this change. METHODS: All medical records with a diagnosis of PBT that occurred in ...
Dive Risk Factors, Gas Bubble Formation, and Decompression Illness in Recreational SCUBA Diving: Analysis of DAN Europe DSL Data Base
10 mai 2017, Cialoni, Danilo; Pieri, Massimo; BALESTRA, Costantino; Marroni, Alessandro,
- HE Bruxelles Brabant
,
- Article scientifique
Article scientifique
Introduction: The popularity of SCUBA diving is steadily increasing together with the number of dives and correlated diseases per year. The rules that govern correct decompression procedures are considered well known even if the majority of Decompression Sickness (DCS) cases are considered unexpected confirming a bias in the "mathematical ability" to predict DCS by the current algorithms. Furthermore, ...
Diving deeper into SCUBA Science
12 février 2017, BALESTRA, Costantino; GERMONPRÉ, Peter,
- HE Bruxelles Brabant
,
- Livre/Ouvrage ou monographie
Livre/Ouvrage ou monographie
The editors of and authors of this book are a cadre of scientists and physicians with broad experience and knowledge of diving physiology and decompression theory. As is often the case, it requires a group effort to succeed in advancing practical knowledge. The colloquialism "the whole is greater than the sum of its parts" is often true and the PHYPODE Reasearch Group epitomizes this concept. By ...
Diving physiopathology: the end of certainties? Food for thought
27 juin 2019, BALESTRA, Costantino; GERMONPRÉ, Peter; Rocco, Monica; Biancofiore, Giovanni; Kot, Jacek,
- HE Bruxelles Brabant
,
- Article scientifique
Article scientifique
Our understanding of decompression physiopathology has slowly improved during this last decade and some uncertainties have disappeared. A better understanding of anatomy and functional aspects of Patent Foramen Ovale (PFO) have slowly resulted in a more liberal approach toward the medical fitness to dive for those bearing a PFO. Circulating vascular gas emboli (VGE) are considered the key actors in ...
Early detection of diving-related cognitive impairment of different nitrogen-oxygen gas mixtures
30 juin 2019, Lafère, Pierre; HEMELRYCK, Walter; GERMONPRÉ, Peter; Matity, Luba; Guerrero, François; BALESTRA, Costantino,
- HE Bruxelles Brabant
,
- Article scientifique
Article scientifique
NTRODUCTION: Cognitive impairment related to inert gas narcosis (IGN) is a threat to diving safety and operations at depth that might be reduced by using enriched air nitrox (EANx) mixtures. Using critical flicker fusion frequency (CFFF), a possible early detection of cognitive abilities/cerebral arousal impairment when breathing different oxygen (O2) fractions was investigated. METHODS: Eight male ...
Early Endothelial Dysfunction in Type 1 Diabetes Is Accompanied by an Impairment of Vascular Smooth Muscle Function: A Meta-Analysis
05 mai 2020, Lespagnol, Elodie; Dauchet, Luc; Pawlak-Chaouch, Mehdi; BALESTRA, Costantino; Berthoin, Serge; Feelish, Martin; Roustit, Mathieu; Boissiere, Julien; Fontaine, Pierre; Heyman, Elsa,
- HE Bruxelles Brabant
,
- Article scientifique
Article scientifique
Background: A large yet heterogeneous body of literature exists suggesting that endothelial dysfunction appears early in type 1 diabetes, due to hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress. The latter may also affect vascular smooth muscles (VSM) function, a layer albeit less frequently considered in that pathology. This meta-analysis aims at evaluating the extent, and the contributing risk factors, of ...
Editorial: Feelings of energy and fatigue: Two different moods
19 avril 2023, Boolani, Ali; Martin, Joel; D'acquisto, Fulvio; BALESTRA, Costantino,
- HE Bruxelles Brabant
,
- Article scientifique
Article scientifique
Editorial: Physiological telemonitoring and interventional telemedicine in extreme environments
22 janvier 2024, BALESTRA, Costantino; Bosco, Gerardo; Cialoni, Danilo; Kot, Jacek; Pelliccia, Riccardo; Marroni, Alessandro,
- HE Bruxelles Brabant
,
- Article scientifique
Article scientifique
Effect of a single, open-sea, air scuba dive on human micro- and macrovascular function
15 août 2013, LAMBRECHTS, Kate; Pontier, Jean-Michel; BALESTRA, Costantino; Mazur, Aleksandra; Wang, Qiong; Buzzacott, Peter; Theron, Michaël; Mansourati, Jacques; Guerrero, François,
- HE Bruxelles Brabant
,
- Article scientifique
Article scientifique
Purpose: Previous studies have shown that bubble formation induced endothelial damage on conduit arteries. We aim to evaluate the effect of diving on microvascular and macrovascular function.
Methods: Nine divers took part in a SCUBA dive at 30 msw (400 kPa), for 30 min of bottom time. Pre- and post-dive, they underwent an assessment of endothelial-dependent (acetylcholine) and endothelial-independent ...
Effect Of Induced Relative Hypoxia On Reticulocyte Count In Oncologycal Abdominal Surgery: A Single-Centre, Controlled, Randomized Pilot Study.
04 avril 2018, Khalife, Maher; Wiams, Kathleen; Ben Aziz, M; BALESTRA, Costantino; Sosnowski, Maurice,
- HE Bruxelles Brabant
,
- Article scientifique
Article scientifique
Erythropoietin (EPO) stimulating agents are known as alternatives to transfusion. However, they expose patients to thrombosis and are expensive. A phenomenon, “the normobaric oxygen paradox” (NOP), has been described. A transient hyperoxia followed by a prolonged return to normoxia acts as an effective trigger for EPO production. The mechanism depends on free O2 radicals and on reduced gluthatione ...
Effect of SCUBA Diving on Ophthalmic Parameters
09 mars 2022, Deleu, Laurent; Catherine, Janet; Postelmans, Laurence; BALESTRA, Costantino,
- HE Bruxelles Brabant
,
- Article scientifique
Article scientifique
Background and Objective: Several cases of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) in divers have been reported in our medical retina center over the past few years. This study was designed to evaluate possible changes induced by SCUBA diving in ophthalmic parameters and especially subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT), since the choroid seems to play a crucial role in physiopathology of CSC. Materials ...
Effect of tetrahydrobiopterin and exercise training on endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation in SHR
02 juin 2013, Guerrero, François; Sanéo, Thioub; Goanvec, Christelle; THEUNISSEN, Sigrid; Feray, Annie; BALESTRA, Costantino; Mansourati, Jacques,
- HE Bruxelles Brabant
,
- Article scientifique
Article scientifique
We examined whether the improvement of impaired NO-dependent vasorelaxation by exercise training could be mediated through a BH4-dependent mechanism. Male spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR, n = 20) and Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY, n = 20) were trained (Tr) for 9 weeks on a treadmill and compared to age-matched sedentary animals (Sed). Endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation (EDV) was assessed with ...
Effects of Acute Hypobaric Hypoxia Exposure on Cardiovascular Function in Unacclimatized Healthy Subjects: A "Rapid Ascent" Hypobaric Chamber Study
28 avril 2022, THEUNISSEN, Sigrid; BALESTRA, Costantino; Bolognési, Sébastien; Borgers, Guy; Vissenaeken, Dirk; Obeid, Georges; Germonpré, Peter; Honoré, Patrick M.; De Bels, David,
- HE Bruxelles Brabant
,
- Article scientifique
Article scientifique
Background: This study aimed to observe the effects of a fast acute ascent to simulated high altitudes on cardiovascular function both in the main arteries and in peripheral circulation. Methods: We examined 17 healthy volunteers, between 18 and 50 years old, at sea level, at 3842 m of hypobaric hypoxia and after return to sea level. Cardiac output (CO) was measured with Doppler transthoracic ...
Effects of Electrical Stimulation on Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness (DOMS): Evidences from Laboratory and In-Field Studies
12 septembre 2023, Gussoni, Maristella; Moretti, Sarah; Vezzoli, Alessandra; Genitoni, Valerio; Giardini, Guido; BALESTRA, Costantino; Bosco, Gerardo; Pratali, Lorenza; Spagnolo, Elisabetta; Montorsi, Michela; Mrakic-Sposta, Simona,
- HE Bruxelles Brabant
,
- Article scientifique
Article scientifique
Intense, long exercise can increase oxidative stress, leading to higher levels of inflammatory
mediators and muscle damage. At the same time, fatigue has been suggested as one of the factors
giving rise to delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS). The aim of this study was to investigate the
efficacy of a specific electrical stimulation (ES) treatment (without elicited muscular contraction) on
two ...
Effects of oxygen-enriched air on cognitive performance during SCUBA-diving - an open-water study
12 avril 2017, Brebeck, Anne-Kathrin; Deussen, Andreas; Schmitz-Pfeiffer, Henning; Range, Ursula; BALESTRA, Costantino; Cleveland, Sinclair; Schipke, Jochen,
- HE Bruxelles Brabant
,
- Article scientifique
Article scientifique
Backround: Nitrogen narcosis impairs cognitive function, a fact relevant during SCUBA-diving. Oxygen-enriched air (nitrox) became popular in recreational diving, while evidence of its advantages over air is limited. AIM: Compare effects of nitrox28 and air on two psychometric tests. METHODS: In this prospective, double-blind, open-water study, 108 advanced divers (38 females) were randomized to an ...
Elevations of Extracellular Vesicles and Inflammatory Biomarkers in Closed Circuit SCUBA Divers
22 mars 2023, Arya, Awadhesh; BALESTRA, Costantino; Bhopale, Veena; Tominen, Laura; Raisanen-Sokolowski, Anne; Dugrenot, Emmanuel; Thom, Stephen,
- HE Bruxelles Brabant
,
- Article scientifique
Article scientifique
Blood-borne extracellular vesicles and inflammatory mediators were evaluated in divers using a closed circuit rebreathing apparatus and custom-mixed gases to diminish some diving risks. "Deep" divers (n = 8) dove once to mean (+/-SD) 102.5 +/- 1.2 m of sea water (msw) for 167.3 +/- 11.5 min. "Shallow" divers (n = 6) dove 3 times on day 1, and then repetitively over 7 days to 16.4 +/- 3.7 msw, for ...
Evaluation of Divers' Neuropsychometric Effectiveness and High-Pressure Neurological Syndrome via Computerized Test Battery Package and Questionnaires in Operational Setting
12 avril 2019, Berenji Ardestani, Simin; BALESTRA, Costantino; Bouzinova, Elena; Loennechen, Oyvind,
- HE Bruxelles Brabant
,
- Article scientifique
Article scientifique
Introduction: When divers are compressed to water depths deeper than 150 meter sea water (msw), symptoms of high-pressure neurological syndrome (HPNS) might appear due to rapid increase in pressure on the central nervous system during compression. The aim of this study was to first operate a new computerized tool, designed to monitor divers' wellbeing and cognitive function, and to record the results. ...
Evaluation of Protection Level, Respiratory Safety, and Practical Aspects of Commercially Available Snorkel Masks as Personal Protection Devices Against Aerosolized Contaminants and SARS-CoV2
15 juin 2020, GERMONPRÉ, Peter; Van Rompaeye, Dirk; BALESTRA, Costantino,
- HE Bruxelles Brabant
,
- Article scientifique
Article scientifique
Introduction: The “Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2” (SARS-CoV2) pandemic has led to a worldwide shortage of personal protection devices (PPD) for medical and paramedical personnel. Adaptation of commercially available snorkel masks to serve as full face masks has been proposed. Even not formally approved as PPD, they are publicized on social media as suitable for this use. Concerns ...
Evidence of Heritable Determinants of Decompression Sickness in Rats
22 juillet 2017, Lautridou, Jacky; Buzzacott, Peter; Belhomme, Marc; Dugrenot, Emmanuel; Lafère, Pierre; BALESTRA, Costantino; Guerrero, François,
- HE Bruxelles Brabant
,
- Article scientifique
Article scientifique
NTRODUCTION: Decompression sickness (DCS) is a complex and poorly understood systemic disease caused by inadequate desaturation following a decrease of ambient pressure. Strong variability between individuals is observed for DCS occurrence. This raises questions concerning factors that may be involved in the inter-individual variability of DCS occurrence. This study aimed to experimentally assess ...
Extreme Environments in Movement Science and Sport Psychology
20 décembre 2018, BALESTRA, Costantino; Jacek, Kot; Efrati, Shai; Guerrero, François; Blatteau, Jean-Eric; Besnard, Stéphane,
- HE Bruxelles Brabant
,
- Article scientifique
Article scientifique
Feasibility of Detecting Brain Areas Involved in Extreme Breath-Hold Diving
20 janvier 2021, Jissendi-Tchofo, Patrice; Jdaoudi, Yassin; GERMONPRÉ, Peter; Brizzolari, Andrea; Musimu, Patrick; BALESTRA, Costantino,
- HE Bruxelles Brabant
,
- Article scientifique
Article scientifique
We report Blood Oxygen Level Dependent (BOLD) signal changes recorded in the brain of an elite breath-hold diver during voluntary dry long breath-hold by means of fMRI. An independent component analysis (ICA) method was applied to extract brain areas that are putatively involved in the apnea process network. We discuss the hypothesis that these BOLD signal variations express the functional adaptive ...
Field study of anthropomorphic and muscle performance changes among elite skippers following a transoceanic race
12 juin 2020, Lafère, Pierre; Gatzoff, Yann; Guerrero, François; Provyn, Steven; BALESTRA, Costantino,
- HE Bruxelles Brabant
,
- Article scientifique
Article scientifique
BACKGROUND: Ocean racing has become increasingly demanding, both physically and psychologically. The aim of the study was to assess global changes after a transoceanic race. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eight male sailors were evaluated pre- and post-race through anthropometric measurements (weight, skinfold, girth at different level and estimated body fat percentage), multifrequency tetrapolar bioelectrical ...
Flying after diving: should recommendations be reviewed? In-flight echocardiographic study in bubble-prone and bubble-resistant divers
13 mai 2015, Cialoni, Danilo; Pieri, Massimo; BALESTRA, Costantino; Marroni, Alessandro,
- HE Bruxelles Brabant
,
- Article scientifique
Article scientifique
INTRODUCTION: Inert gas accumulated after multiple recreational dives can generate tissue supersaturation and bubble formation when ambient pressure decreases. We hypothesized that this could happen even if divers respected the currently recommended 24-hour pre-flight surface interval (PFSI). METHODS: We performed transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) on a group of 56 healthy scuba divers (39 male, ...
Full-Face Mask Use during SCUBA Diving Counters Related Oxidative Stress and Endothelial Dysfunction
15 janvier 2022, Levenez, Morgan; LAMBRECHTS, Kate; Mrakic-Sposta, Simona; Vezzoli, Alessandra; Germonpré, Peter; Pique, Hadrien; Virgili, Fabi; Bosco, Gerardo; Lafere, Pierre; BALESTRA, Costantino,
- HE Bruxelles Brabant
,
- Article scientifique
Article scientifique
Impaired flow mediated dilation (FMD), an index of vascular stress, is known after SCUBA diving. This is related to a dysfunction of nitric oxide (NO) availability and a disturbance of the redox status, possibly induced by hyperoxic/hyperbaric gas breathing. SCUBA diving is usually performed with a mask only covering "half face" (HF) and therefore forcing oral breathing. Nasal NO production is ...
Heart Rate Variability During a Standard Dive: A Role for Inspired Oxygen Pressure?
13 août 2021, Lafère, Pierre; LAMBRECHTS, Kate; GERMONPRÉ, Peter; Balestra, Ambre; Germonpré, Faye-Lisa; Marroni, Alessandro; Cialoni, Danilo; Bosco, Gerardo; BALESTRA, Costantino,
- HE Bruxelles Brabant
,
- Article scientifique
Article scientifique
Introduction: Heart rate variability (HRV) during underwater diving has been infrequently investigated because of environment limitations and technical challenges. This study aims to analyze HRV changes while diving at variable hyperoxia when using open circuit (OC) air diving apparatus or at constant hyperoxia using a closed-circuit rebreather (CCR). We used HRV analysis in time and frequency domain ...
Heart Rate Variability During a Standard Dive: A Role for Inspired Oxygen Pressure?
13 août 2021, Lafère, Pierre; LAMBRECHTS, Kate; GERMONPRÉ, Peter; BALESTRA, Ambre; Germonpré, Faye-Lisa; Marroni, Alessandro; Cialoni, Danilo; Bosco, Gerardo; BALESTRA, Costantino,
- HE Bruxelles Brabant
,
- Article scientifique
Article scientifique
Introduction: Heart rate variability (HRV) during underwater diving has been infrequently investigated because of environment limitations and technical challenges. This study aims to analyze HRV changes while diving at variable hyperoxia when using open circuit (OC) air diving apparatus or at constant hyperoxia using a closed-circuit rebreather (CCR). We used HRV analysis in time and frequency domain ...
Hemoglobin and Erythropoietin After Commercial Saturation Diving
21 août 2018, Kiboub, Fatima Zohra; BALESTRA, Costantino; Loennechen, Øyvind; Eftedal, Ingrid,
- HE Bruxelles Brabant
,
- Article scientifique
Article scientifique
Saturation divers are exposed to elevated partial pressure of oxygen (ppO2) in their hyperbaric work environment. Experimental studies indicate that oxygen transport is altered, and we have previously reported a drop in hematocrit and extensive downregulation of genes involved in blood oxygen transport capacity after decompression from professional saturation diving. Here we investigate the initial ...
Hydration status during commercial saturation diving measured by bioimpedance and urine specific gravity
29 septembre 2022, Werke, Stian Lande; Landswerk, Halvor Dagsson; Lautridou, Jacky; Imbert, Jean-Pierre; BALESTRA, Costantino; Eftedal, Ingrid,
- HE Bruxelles Brabant
,
- Article scientifique
Article scientifique
Excessive fluid loss triggered by hyperbaric pressure, water immersion and hot water suits causes saturation divers to be at risk of dehydration. Dehydration is associated with reductions in mental and physical performance, resulting in less effective work and an increased risk of work-related accidents. In this study we examined the hydration status of 11 male divers over 19 days of a commercial ...
Hyperbaric medicine
12 février 2023, BALESTRA, Costantino; Kot, Jacek,
- HE Bruxelles Brabant
,
- Livre/Ouvrage ou monographie
Livre/Ouvrage ou monographie
Oxygen (both its presence and absence) acts as a potent signaling mechanism in many, if not
most, cellular processes.
Oxygen has been used therapeutically mainly to alleviate or correct hypoxia, and has been
administered in supra-atmospheric doses in the form of hyperbaric oxygen (a method derived from
diving medicine practices, but has been used in non-diving applications since the 1960s).
Hyperbaric ...
Hyperoxia Alters Ultrastructure and Induces Apoptosis in Leukemia Cell Lines
12 février 2020, De Bels, David; Tillmans, Frauke; Corazza, Francis; Bizzarri, Mariano; GERMONPRÉ, Peter; Radermacher, Peter; Keziban, Gunce-Orman; BALESTRA, Costantino,
- HE Bruxelles Brabant
,
- Article scientifique
Article scientifique
Oxygenation conditions are crucial for growth and tumor progression. Recent data suggests a decrease in cancer cell proliferation occurring after exposure to normobaric hyperoxia. Those changes are associated with fractal dimension. The purpose of this research was to study the impact of hyperoxia on apoptosis and morphology of leukemia cell lines. Two hematopoietic lymphoid cancer cell lines (a ...
Increasing Oxygen Partial Pressures Induce a Distinct Transcriptional Response in Human PBMC: A Pilot Study on the “Normobaric Oxygen Paradox”
05 janvier 2021, Fratantonio, Deborah; Virgili, Fabio; Zucchi, Alessandro; LAMBRECHTS, Kate; Latronico, Tiziana; Lafère, Pierre; Germonpré, Pierre; BALESTRA, Costantino,
- HE Bruxelles Brabant
,
- Article scientifique
Article scientifique
The term "normobaric oxygen paradox" (NOP), describes the response to the return to normoxia after a hyperoxic event, sensed by tissues as oxygen shortage, and resulting in up-regulation of the Hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha (HIF-1alpha) transcription factor activity. The molecular characteristics of this response have not been yet fully characterized. Herein, we report the activation time trend ...
Inert gas narcosis in scuba diving, different gases different reactions
19 avril 2019, Rocco, Monica; Pelaia, Paolo; Di Benedetto, Pia; Conte, Giuseppe; Maggi, Luigi; Fiorelli, Silvia; Mercieri, Marco; BALESTRA, Costantino; de Biasi, Roberto Alberto,
- HE Bruxelles Brabant
,
- Article scientifique
Article scientifique
Purpose Underwater divers face several potential neurological hazards when breathing compressed gas mixtures including nitrogen narcosis which can impact diver’s safety. Various human studies have clearly demonstrated brain impairment due to nitrogen narcosis in divers at 4 ATA using critical flicker fusion frequency (CFFF) as a cortical performance indicator. However, recently some authors have ...
Investigating critical flicker fusion frequency for monitoring gas narcosis in divers
17 décembre 2020, Vrijdag, Xavier; Van Waart, Hanna; Sleigh, Jaimie; BALESTRA, Costantino; Mitchell, Simon,
- HE Bruxelles Brabant
,
- Article scientifique
Article scientifique
INTRODUCTION: Critical flicker fusion frequency (CFFF) has been used in various studies to measure the cognitive effects of gas mixtures at depth, sometimes with conflicting or apparently paradoxical results. This study aimed to evaluate a novel automatic CFFF method and investigate whether CFFF can be used to monitor gas-induced narcosis in divers. METHODS: Three hyperbaric chamber experiments were ...
Les effets du crochetage myo-aponévrotique sur l’architecture et les propriétés intrinsèques du muscle gastrocnemius medialis à l’étirement
20 septembre 2018, Vigouroux, Florent; Levenez, Morgan; BALESTRA, Costantino,
- HE Bruxelles Brabant
,
- Article scientifique
Article scientifique
Background : this study investigates the effects of the diacutaneous
myo-aponeurosis fibrolysis technique, also called
hook treatment, on the architectural and mechanical aspects
of the muscle.
Methods : the overall muscle-tendon unit passive tension and
range of motion and muscle architecture of the medial gastrocnemius
(fascicle length and pennation angle), as well as
mechanical intrinsic ...
Mini Trampoline, a New and Promising Way of SCUBA Diving Preconditioning to Reduce Vascular Gas Emboli?
29 avril 2022, LAMBRECHTS, Kate; GERMONPRÉ, Peter; Vandenheede, Joaquim; Delorme, Manon; Lafere, Pierre; BALESTRA, Costantino,
- HE Bruxelles Brabant
,
- Article scientifique
Article scientifique
Background: Despite evolution in decompression algorithms, decompression illness is still an issue nowadays. Reducing vascular gas emboli (VGE) production or preserving endothelial function by other means such as diving preconditioning is of great interest. Several methods have been tried, either mechanical, cardiovascular, desaturation aimed or biochemical, with encouraging results. In this study, ...
Nitric oxide-related endothelial changes in breath-hold and scuba divers
01 mars 2013, THEUNISSEN, Sigrid; Guerrero, François; Sponciello, Nicholas; Cialoni, Danilo; Pieri, Massimo; GERMONPRÉ, Peter; Obeid, Georges; Tillmans, Frauke; Papadopoulou, Virginie; HEMELRYCK, Walter; Marroni, Alessandro; De Bels, David; BALESTRA, Costantino,
- HE Bruxelles Brabant
,
- Article scientifique
Article scientifique
Objective: Scuba and breath-hold divers are compared to investigate whether endothelial response changes are similar despite different exposure(s) to hyperoxia.
Design: 14 divers (nine scuba and five breath-holding) performed either one scuba dive (25m/25 minutes) or successive breath-hold dives at a depth of 20 meters, adding up to 25 minutes of immersion time in a diving pool. Flow-mediated ...
Objective vs. Subjective Evaluation of Cognitive Performance During 0.4-MPa Dives Breathing Air or Nitrox
19 avril 2017, GERMONPRÉ, Peter; BALESTRA, Costantino; Hemelryck, Walter; Buzzacott, Peter; Lafère, Pierre,
- HE Bruxelles Brabant
,
- Article scientifique
Article scientifique
BACKGROUND: Divers try to limit risks associated with their sport, for instance by breathing enriched air nitrox (EANx) instead of air. This double blinded, randomized trial was designed to see if the use of EANx could effectively improve cognitive performance while diving. METHODS: Eight volunteers performed two no-decompression dry dives breathing air or EANx for 20 min at 0.4 MPa. Cognitive ...
One-week cocoa flavanol intake increases prefrontal cortex oxygenation at rest and during moderate-intensity exercise in normoxia and hypoxia
12 juillet 2018, Decroix, Lieselot; Tonoli, Cajsa; Lespagnol, Elodie; BALESTRA, Costantino; Descat, Amandine; Drittij-Reijnders, Marie José; Blackwell, Jamie; Stahl, Wilhelm; Jones, Andrew; Wesseler, Antje; Bast, Aalt; Meeusen, Romain; Heyman, Elsa,
- HE Bruxelles Brabant
,
- Article scientifique
Article scientifique
During exercise in hypoxia, O2 delivery to brain and muscle is compromised, and oxidative stress is elicited. Cocoa flavanols (CF) have antioxidant capacities and can increase blood flow by stimulating endothelial function. We aimed to examine the effects of 7-day CF intake on oxidative stress, nitric oxide production, and tissue oxygenation in response to exercise in normobaric hypoxia (14.3% O2). ...
Oxidative stress in breath-hold divers after repetitive dives
08 juin 2013, THEUNISSEN, Sigrid; Sponciello, Nicholas; Rozloznik, Miroslav; GERMONPRÉ, Peter; Guerrero, François; Cialoni, Danilo; BALESTRA, Costantino,
- HE Bruxelles Brabant
,
- Article scientifique
Article scientifique
Introduction: Hyperoxia causes oxidative stress. Breath-hold diving is associated with transient hyperoxia followed by hypoxia and a build-up of carbon dioxide (CO₂), chest-wall compression and significant haemodynamic changes. This study analyses variations in plasma oxidative stress markers after a series of repetitive breath-hold dives.
Methods: Thirteen breath-hold divers were asked to perform ...
Oxidative Stress Response Kinetics after 60 Minutes at Different (1.4 ATA and 2.5 ATA) Hyperbaric Hyperoxia Exposures
02 août 2023, Leveque, Clément; Mrakic-Sposta, Simona; THEUNISSEN, Sigrid; Germonpré, Peter; LAMBRECHTS, Kate; Vezzoli, Alessandra; Bosco, Gerardo; Levenez, Morgan; Lafère, Pierre; Guerrero, François; BALESTRA, Costantino,
- HE Bruxelles Brabant
,
- Article scientifique
Article scientifique
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) is a therapeutical approach based on exposure to pure oxygen in an augmented atmospheric pressure. Although it has been used for years, the exact kinetics of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) between different pressures of hyperbaric oxygen exposure are still not clearly evidenced. In this study, the metabolic responses of hyperbaric hyperoxia exposures for 1 h at ...
Oxidative Stress Response Kinetics after 60 Minutes at Different Levels (10% or 15%) of Normobaric Hypoxia Exposure
15 juin 2023, Leveque, Clément; Mrakic-Sposta, Simona; THEUNISSEN, Sigrid; Germonpré, Peter; LAMBRECHTS, Kate; Vezzoli, Alessandra; Gussoni, Maristella; Levenez, Morgan; Lafère, Pierre; Guerrero, François; BALESTRA, Costantino,
- HE Bruxelles Brabant
,
- Article scientifique
Article scientifique
In this study, the metabolic responses of hypoxic breathing for 1 h to inspired fractions of 10% and 15% oxygen were investigated. To this end, 14 healthy nonsmoking subjects (6 females and 8 males, age: 32.2 ± 13.3 years old (mean ± SD), height: 169.1 ± 9.9 cm, and weight: 61.6 ± 16.2 kg) volunteered for the study. Blood samples were taken before, and at 30 min, 2 h, 8 h, 24 h, and 48 h after a 1 ...
Oxidative Stress Response’s Kinetics after 60 Minutes at Different (30% or 100%) Normobaric Hyperoxia Exposures
30 décembre 2022, Leveque, Clément; Mrakic-Sposta, Simona; Lafère, Pierre; Vezzoli, Alessandra; Germonpré, Peter; Beer, Alexandre; Mievis, Stéphane; Virgili, Fabio; LAMBRECHTS, Kate; THEUNISSEN, Sigrid; Guerrero, François; BALESTRA, Costantino,
- HE Bruxelles Brabant
,
- Article scientifique
Article scientifique
Oxygen is a powerful trigger for cellular reactions and is used in many pathologies,
including oxidative stress. However, the effects of oxygen over time and at different partial pressures
remain poorly understood. In this study, the metabolic responses of normobaric oxygen intake
for 1 h to mild (30%) and high (100%) inspired fractions were investigated. Fourteen healthy nonsmoking subjects (7 ...
Oxygen Variations
26 septembre 2023, BALESTRA, Costantino; Virgili, Fabio; Mrakic-Sposta, Simona,
- HE Bruxelles Brabant
,
- Livre/Ouvrage ou monographie
Livre/Ouvrage ou monographie
For many years, diving and hyperbaric medicine has strived to increase our understanding of the effects of environmental stressors on human pathophysiology. It has demonstrated the importance of oxygen and has taught us not to fear this oxidative molecule, the name of which is derived from the ancient Greek meaning the “acid generator” or Oxy-Gene; indeed, at that time, it was believed that all acids ...
Oxygen Variations-Insights into Hypoxia, Hyperoxia and Hyperbaric Hyperoxia - Is the Dose the Clue?
20 septembre 2023, BALESTRA, Costantino; Mrakic-Sposta, Simona; Virgili, Fabio,
- HE Bruxelles Brabant
,
- Article scientifique
Article scientifique
on, nitrogen and hydrogen); aerobic organisms depend on it to release energy from carbon-based molecules. The concentration of oxygen in the atmosphere is ~20.93–20.95% (209–460 ppm), but this has fluctuated markedly throughout geological history. It stabilized within a habitable range, between ~15% and 35%, which has been maintained from the Cambrian period 540 million years ago until today [1].
The ...