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The effect of pre-dive ingestion of dark chocolate on endothelial function after a scuba dive
15 mars 2015, HE Bruxelles BrabantArticle scientifiqueObjective: The aim of the study was to observe the effects of dark chocolate on endothelial function after scuba diving. Methods: Forty-two male scuba divers were divided into two groups: a control (n=21) and a chocolate group (n=21). They performed a 33-metres deep scuba-air dive for 20 minutes in a diving pool (Nemo 33, Brussels). Water temperature was 33⁰C. The chocolate group ingested 30 g ... -
Decompression induced bubble dynamics on ex vivo fat and muscle tissue surfaces with a new experimental set up
04 avril 2015, HE Bruxelles BrabantArticle scientifiqueVascular gas bubbles are routinely observed after scuba dives using ultrasound imaging, however the precise formation mechanism and site of these bubbles are still debated and growth from decompression in vivo has not been extensively studied, due in part to imaging difficulties. An experimental set-up was developed for optical recording of bubble growth and density on tissue surface area during ... -
Cutis Marmorata skin decompression sickness is a manifestation of brainstem bubble embolization, not of local skin bubbles
10 avril 2015, HE Bruxelles BrabantArticle scientifique"Cutis Marmorata" skin symptoms after diving, most frequently in the form of an itching or painful cutaneous red-bluish discoloration are commonly regarded as a mild form of decompression sickness (DCS), and treated with oxygen inhalation without reverting to hyperbaric recompression treatment. It has been observed that the occurrence of Cutis Marmorata is frequently associated with the presence of ... -
Flying after diving: should recommendations be reviewed? In-flight echocardiographic study in bubble-prone and bubble-resistant divers
13 mai 2015, HE Bruxelles BrabantArticle scientifiqueINTRODUCTION: Inert gas accumulated after multiple recreational dives can generate tissue supersaturation and bubble formation when ambient pressure decreases. We hypothesized that this could happen even if divers respected the currently recommended 24-hour pre-flight surface interval (PFSI). METHODS: We performed transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) on a group of 56 healthy scuba divers (39 male, ... -
Mechanism of action of antiplatelet drugs on decompression sickness in rats: a protective effect of anti-GPIIbIIIa therapy
15 mai 2015, HE Bruxelles BrabantArticle scientifiqueLiterature highlights the involvement of disseminated thrombosis in the pathophysiology of decompression sickness (DCS). We examined the effect of several antithrombotic treatments targeting various pathways on DCS outcome: acetyl salicylate, prasugrel, abciximab, and enoxaparin. Rats were randomly assigned to six groups. Groups 1 and 2 were a control nondiving group (C; n = 10) and a control diving ... -
De Handji aux Ténèbres de Robert Poulet: une invitation à l'onirisme réaliste
25 mai 2015, HE Bruxelles BrabantArticle scientifiqueQuelles sont les frontières entre le fantastique dit "classique" et les "réalités fantastiques" théorisées par Hellens? Robert Poulet ne serait-il pas le meilleur disciple d'Hellens en permettant aux lettres belges d'entrer dans une troisième sphère de l'évolution du courant fantastique, celle du Réalisme magique? -
Recherche sur les pratiques de formation liées aux activités d'intégration professionnelle à l'intention de futurs éducateurs spécialisés
01 juin 2015, HE Bruxelles BrabantArticle scientifiqueCet article a pour objectif de décrire un processus de recherche engagé sur la formation pratique d’éducateurs sociaux en Belgique francophone dans le cadre d’une association dénommée Form’Educ. Cela se passe dans un groupe de huit Hautes-Ecoles engagées ensemble dans un projet de recherche pendant cinq ans (2011-2015) dans le but d'échanger leurs pratiques de formation concernant la formation ... -
Apprenant allophone et système scolaire belge : un doute permanent
01 septembre 2015, HE Bruxelles BrabantArticle scientifiqueLes autrices interrogent la place de l'enseignement du FLES dans le système éducatif belge. -
Fluoxetine stimulates anti-inflammatory IL-10 cytokine production and attenuates sensory deficits in a rat model of decompression sickness
22 octobre 2015, HE Bruxelles BrabantArticle scientifiqueDespite "gold standard" hyperbaric oxygen treatment, 30% of patients suffering from neurological decompression sickness still exhibit incomplete recovery, including sensory impairments. Fluoxetine, a well-known antidepressant, is recognized as having anti-inflammatory effects in the setting of cerebral ischemia. In this study, we focused on the assessment of sensory neurological deficits and measurement ... -
A red orange extract modulates the vascular response to a recreational dive: a pilot study on the effect of anthocyanins on the physiological consequences of scuba diving
07 novembre 2015, HE Bruxelles BrabantArticle scientifiqueNutritional antioxidants have been proposed as an expedient strategy to counter the potentially deleterious effects of scuba diving on endothelial function, flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and heart function. Sixteen volunteers performing a single standard dive (20 min at 33 m) according to US Navy diving procedures were randomly assigned to two groups: one was administered with two doses of 200 mg of ... -
Colonic Fermentation Promotes Decompression sickness in Rats
08 février 2016, HE Bruxelles BrabantArticle scientifiqueMassive bubble formation after diving can lead to decompression sickness (DCS). During dives with hydrogen as a diluent for oxygen, decreasing the body's H2 burden by inoculating hydrogen-metabolizing microbes into the gut reduces the risk of DCS. So we set out to investigate if colonic fermentation leading to endogenous hydrogen production promotes DCS in fasting rats. Four hours before an experimental ... -
Fluoxetine Protection in Decompression Sickness in Mice is Enhanced by Blocking TREK-1 Potassium Channel with the "spadin" Antidepressant
16 février 2016, HE Bruxelles BrabantArticle scientifiqueIn mice, disseminated coagulation, inflammation, and ischemia induce neurological damage that can lead to death. These symptoms result from circulating bubbles generated by a pathogenic decompression. Acute fluoxetine treatment or the presence of the TREK-1 potassium channel increases the survival rate when mice are subjected to an experimental dive/decompression protocol. This is a paradox because ... -
Age, weight and decompression sickness in rats
16 mars 2016, HE Bruxelles BrabantArticle scientifiqueObjective: The aim of this study was to determine if, after controlling for weight, age is associated with decompression sickness (DCS) in rats. Methods: Following compression-decompression, male rats aged 11 weeks were observed for DCS. After two weeks recovery, surviving rats were re-dived using the same compression-decompression profile. Results: In this experiment, there was a clear difference ... -
Effect of simulated air dive and decompression sickness on the plasma proteome of rats
12 avril 2016, HE Bruxelles BrabantArticle scientifiquePurpose: Decompression sickness (DCS) is a poorly understood systemic disease caused by inadequate desaturation following a reduction in ambient pressure. Although recent studies highlight the importance of circulating factors, the available data are still puzzling. In this study, we aimed to identify proteins and biological pathways involved in the development of DCS in rats. Experimental design: ... -
Correlation between Patent Foramen Ovale, cerebral “lesions” and neuropsychometric testing in experienced sports divers: does diving damage the brain?
01 juin 2016, HE Bruxelles BrabantArticle scientifiqueSCUBA diving exposes divers to decompression sickness (DCS). There has been considerable debate whether divers with a Patent Foramen Ovale of the heart have a higher risk of DCS because of the possible right-to-left shunt of venous decompression bubbles into the arterial circulation. Symptomatic neurological DCS has been shown to cause permanent damage to brain and spinal cord tissue; it has been ... -
Do Environmental Conditions Contribute to Narcosis Onset and Symptom Severity?
14 octobre 2016, HE Bruxelles BrabantArticle scientifiqueAlthough many factors contributing to inert gas narcosis onset and severity have been put forward, the available evidence is not particularly strong. Using objective criteria, we have assessed brain impairment associated with narcosis under various environmental diving conditions. 40 volunteers performed a no-decompression dive (33 m for 20 min) either in a dry chamber, a pool or open sea. They were ... -
Pre-dive Whole-Body Vibration Better Reduces Decompression-Induced Vascular Gas Emboli than Oxygenation or a Combination of Both
30 novembre 2016, HE Bruxelles BrabantArticle scientifiquePurpose: Since non-provocative dive profiles are no guarantor of protection against decompression sickness, novel means including pre-dive "preconditioning" interventions, are proposed for its prevention. This study investigated and compared the effect of pre-dive oxygenation, pre-dive whole body vibration or a combination of both on post-dive bubble formation. Methods: Six healthy volunteers performed ... -
Preconditioning to Reduce Decompression Stress in Scuba Divers
18 janvier 2017, HE Bruxelles BrabantArticle scientifiqueBACKGROUND: Using ultrasound imaging, vascular gas emboli (VGE) are observed after asymptomatic scuba dives and are considered a key element in the potential development of decompression sickness (DCS). Diving is also accompanied with vascular dysfunction, as measured by flow-mediated dilation (FMD). Previous studies showed significant intersubject variability to VGE for the same diving exposure and ... -
Venous gas emboli are involved in post-dive macro, but not microvascular dysfunction
21 janvier 2017, HE Bruxelles BrabantArticle scientifiquePurpose: Previous studies have shown vascular dysfunction of main conductance arteries and microvessels after diving. We aim to evaluate the impact of bubble formation on vascular function and haemostasis. To achieve this, we used a vibration preconditioning to influence bubble levels without changing any other parameters linked to the dive. Methods: Twentty-six divers were randomly assigned to ... -
Diving deeper into SCUBA Science
12 février 2017, HE Bruxelles BrabantLivre/Ouvrage ou monographieThe editors of and authors of this book are a cadre of scientists and physicians with broad experience and knowledge of diving physiology and decompression theory. As is often the case, it requires a group effort to succeed in advancing practical knowledge. The colloquialism "the whole is greater than the sum of its parts" is often true and the PHYPODE Reasearch Group epitomizes this concept. By ...