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Architectural and Mechanical Changes after Five Weeks of Intermittent Static Stretch Training on the Medial Gastrocnemius Muscle of Active Adults
27 mars 2023, Levenez, Morgan; Moeremans, Mathieu; Boorghs, Cédric; Vigouroux, Florent; Leveque, Clément; ; BALESTRA, Costantino
, HE Bruxelles Brabant
Article scientifiqueWe investigated the effects of intermittent long-term stretch training (5 weeks) on the architectural and mechanical properties of the muscle-tendon unit (MTU) in healthy humans. MTU's viscoelastic and architectural properties in the human medial gastrocnemius (MG) muscle and the contribution of muscle and tendon structures to the MTU lengthening were analyzed. Ten healthy volunteers participated ... -
Beneficial effect of enriched air nitrox on bubble formation during scuba diving. An open-water study
12 avril 2017, Brebek, Anne-Kathrin; Deussen, Andreas; Schmitz-Peiffer, Henning; Range, Ursula; BALESTRA, Costantino; Cleveland, Sinclair; Schipke, Jochen, HE Bruxelles Brabant
Article scientifiqueBackround: Nitrogen narcosis impairs cognitive function, a fact relevant during SCUBA-diving. Oxygen-enriched air (nitrox) became popular in recreational diving, while evidence of its advantages over air is limited. AIM: Compare effects of nitrox28 and air on two psychometric tests. METHODS: In this prospective, double-blind, open-water study, 108 advanced divers (38 females) were randomized to an ... -
Clustering of recreational divers by their health conditions in a database of a citizen science project
05 mai 2019, Ozyigit, Tamer; Yauz, Cüneyt; Egi, Salih Murat; Pieri, Massimo; BALESTRA, Costantino; Marroni, Alessandro, HE Bruxelles Brabant
Article scientifiqueDivers Alert Network Europe has created a database with a large amount of dive-related data that has been collected since 1993 within the scope of the Diving Safety Laboratory citizen science project. The main objectives of this study are the grouping divers by their health information and revealing significant differences in diving parameters using data mining techniques. Due to the methodology of ... -
Commercial Divers' Subjective Evaluation of Saturation
30 janvier 2019, Imbert, Jean Pierre; BALESTRA, Costantino; Kiboub, Fatima Zohra; Loennechen, Øyvind; Eftedal, Ingrid, HE Bruxelles Brabant
Article scientifiqueCommercial saturation diving involves divers living and working in an enclosed atmosphere with elevated partial pressure of oxygen (ppO2) for weeks. The divers must acclimatize to these conditions during compression, and for up to 28 days until decompression is completed. During decompression, the ppO2 and ambient pressure are gradually decreased; then the divers must acclimatize again to breathing ... -
Comparison of insulation provided by dry or wetsuits among recreational divers during cold water immersion (< 5 degrees C)
Article scientifiqueBACKGROUND: Divers thermal status influences susceptibility to decompression sickness hence the need for proper insulation during immersion in cold water. However, there is a lack of data on thermal protection provided by diving suits, hence this study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two different groups of divers wearing either a wetsuit (n = 15) or a dry suit (n = 15) volunteered for this study. Anthropometric ... -
Comparison of insulation provided by dry or wetsuits among recreational divers during cold water immersion (< 5 degrees C)
Article scientifiqueBACKGROUND: Divers thermal status influences susceptibility to decompression sickness hence the need for proper insulation during immersion in cold water. However, there is a lack of data on thermal protection provided by diving suits, hence this study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two different groups of divers wearing either a wetsuit (n = 15) or a dry suit (n = 15) volunteered for this study. Anthropometric ... -
Coping With Extreme Environments: A Physiological/Psychological Approach
25 juin 2019, BALESTRA, Costantino; Kot, Jacek; Efrati, Shai; Guerrero, François; Blatteau, Jean-Eric; Besnard, Stéphane, HE Bruxelles Brabant
Article scientifiqueEditorial, Introduction à un Livre -
Correlation between Patent Foramen Ovale, cerebral “lesions” and neuropsychometric testing in experienced sports divers: does diving damage the brain?
Article scientifiqueSCUBA diving exposes divers to decompression sickness (DCS). There has been considerable debate whether divers with a Patent Foramen Ovale of the heart have a higher risk of DCS because of the possible right-to-left shunt of venous decompression bubbles into the arterial circulation. Symptomatic neurological DCS has been shown to cause permanent damage to brain and spinal cord tissue; it has been ... -
Critical Flicker Fusion Frequency: A Marker of Cerebral Arousal During Modified Gravitational Conditions Related to Parabolic Flights
02 octobre 2018, BALESTRA, Costantino; Machado, Marie-Laure; Theunissen, Sigrid; ; Cialoni, Danilo; Clot, Christian; Besnard, Stépane; Kammacher, Laura; Delzenne, Julie; ; Lafère, Pierre, HE Bruxelles Brabant
Article scientifiqueIn situ evaluation of human brain performance and arousal remains challenging during operational circumstances, hence the need for a rapid, reliable and reproducible tool. Here we hypothesized that the Critical flicker fusion frequency (CFFF) reflecting/requiring visual integration, visuo-motor skills and decision-taking process might be a powerful, fast and simple tool in modified gravity environments. ... -
Cutis Marmorata skin decompression sickness is a manifestation of brainstem bubble embolization, not of local skin bubbles
10 avril 2015, Germonpré, Peter; BALESTRA, Costantino; Obeid, Georges; Chers, Dirk, HE Bruxelles Brabant
Article scientifique"Cutis Marmorata" skin symptoms after diving, most frequently in the form of an itching or painful cutaneous red-bluish discoloration are commonly regarded as a mild form of decompression sickness (DCS), and treated with oxygen inhalation without reverting to hyperbaric recompression treatment. It has been observed that the occurrence of Cutis Marmorata is frequently associated with the presence of ... -
Dark chocolate reduces endothelial dysfunction after successive breath-hold dives in cool water
16 septembre 2013, ; Schumacker, Julie; Guerrero, François; Tillmans, Frauke; ; Lambrechts, Kate; Mazur, Alexandra; Pieri, Massimo; ; BALESTRA, Costantino, HE Bruxelles Brabant
Article scientifiqueObjective: The aim of this study is to observe the effects of dark chocolate on endothelial function after a series of successive apnea dives in non-thermoneutral water. Methods: Twenty breath-hold divers were divided into two groups: a control group (8 males and 2 females) and a chocolate group (9 males and 1 female). The control group was asked to perform a series of dives to 20 m adding up to ... -
Decompression induced bubble dynamics on ex vivo fat and muscle tissue surfaces with a new experimental set up
04 avril 2015, Papadopoulou, Virginie; Evgenidis, Sotiris; Eckersley, Robert; Mesimeris, Thodoris; BALESTRA, Costantino; Kostoglou, Margaritis; Tang, Meng-Xing; Karapantsios, Thodoris, HE Bruxelles Brabant
Article scientifiqueVascular gas bubbles are routinely observed after scuba dives using ultrasound imaging, however the precise formation mechanism and site of these bubbles are still debated and growth from decompression in vivo has not been extensively studied, due in part to imaging difficulties. An experimental set-up was developed for optical recording of bubble growth and density on tissue surface area during ... -
Decreased Incidence of Pulmonary Barotrauma After Discontinuation of Emergency Free Ascent Training
22 août 2018, Lafère, Pierre; ; Guerrero, François; Marroni, Alessandro; BALESTRA, Costantino, HE Bruxelles Brabant
Article scientifiqueINTRODUCTION: Because a significant association between training to perform emergency free ascent (EFA) and the occurrence of pulmonary barotrauma (PBT) was demonstrated in 2006, the Belgian Underwater Federation (BUF) decided to discontinue this procedure. An evaluation was needed 10 yr after the implementation of this change. METHODS: All medical records with a diagnosis of PBT that occurred in ... -
Dive Risk Factors, Gas Bubble Formation, and Decompression Illness in Recreational SCUBA Diving: Analysis of DAN Europe DSL Data Base
10 mai 2017, Cialoni, Danilo; Pieri, Massimo; BALESTRA, Costantino; Marroni, Alessandro, HE Bruxelles Brabant
Article scientifiqueIntroduction: The popularity of SCUBA diving is steadily increasing together with the number of dives and correlated diseases per year. The rules that govern correct decompression procedures are considered well known even if the majority of Decompression Sickness (DCS) cases are considered unexpected confirming a bias in the "mathematical ability" to predict DCS by the current algorithms. Furthermore, ... -
Diving deeper into SCUBA Science
Livre/Ouvrage ou monographieThe editors of and authors of this book are a cadre of scientists and physicians with broad experience and knowledge of diving physiology and decompression theory. As is often the case, it requires a group effort to succeed in advancing practical knowledge. The colloquialism "the whole is greater than the sum of its parts" is often true and the PHYPODE Reasearch Group epitomizes this concept. By ... -
Diving physiopathology: the end of certainties? Food for thought
27 juin 2019, BALESTRA, Costantino; ; Rocco, Monica; Biancofiore, Giovanni; Kot, Jacek, HE Bruxelles Brabant
Article scientifiqueOur understanding of decompression physiopathology has slowly improved during this last decade and some uncertainties have disappeared. A better understanding of anatomy and functional aspects of Patent Foramen Ovale (PFO) have slowly resulted in a more liberal approach toward the medical fitness to dive for those bearing a PFO. Circulating vascular gas emboli (VGE) are considered the key actors in ... -
Early detection of diving-related cognitive impairment of different nitrogen-oxygen gas mixtures
30 juin 2019, Lafère, Pierre; ; ; Matity, Luba; Guerrero, François; BALESTRA, Costantino, HE Bruxelles Brabant
Article scientifiqueNTRODUCTION: Cognitive impairment related to inert gas narcosis (IGN) is a threat to diving safety and operations at depth that might be reduced by using enriched air nitrox (EANx) mixtures. Using critical flicker fusion frequency (CFFF), a possible early detection of cognitive abilities/cerebral arousal impairment when breathing different oxygen (O2) fractions was investigated. METHODS: Eight male ... -
Early Endothelial Dysfunction in Type 1 Diabetes Is Accompanied by an Impairment of Vascular Smooth Muscle Function: A Meta-Analysis
05 mai 2020, Lespagnol, Elodie; Dauchet, Luc; Pawlak-Chaouch, Mehdi; BALESTRA, Costantino; Berthoin, Serge; Feelish, Martin; Roustit, Mathieu; Boissiere, Julien; Fontaine, Pierre; Heyman, Elsa, HE Bruxelles Brabant
Article scientifiqueBackground: A large yet heterogeneous body of literature exists suggesting that endothelial dysfunction appears early in type 1 diabetes, due to hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress. The latter may also affect vascular smooth muscles (VSM) function, a layer albeit less frequently considered in that pathology. This meta-analysis aims at evaluating the extent, and the contributing risk factors, of ... -
Editorial: Feelings of energy and fatigue: Two different moods
19 avril 2023, Boolani, Ali; Martin, Joel; D'acquisto, Fulvio; BALESTRA, Costantino, HE Bruxelles Brabant
Article scientifiqueEditorial on a special topic : Fatigue -
Editorial: Physiological telemonitoring and interventional telemedicine in extreme environments
22 janvier 2024, BALESTRA, Costantino; Bosco, Gerardo; Cialoni, Danilo; Kot, Jacek; Pelliccia, Riccardo; Marroni, Alessandro, HE Bruxelles Brabant
Article scientifiqueEditorial on physiological measuring in extreme environments